2 research outputs found
Unconventional Circuit Elements for Ladder Filter Design
KmitoÄŤtovĂ© filtry jsou lineárnĂ elektrickĂ© obvody, kterĂ© jsou vyuĹľĂvány v rĹŻznĂ˝ch oblastech elektroniky. SouÄŤasnÄ› tvořà základnĂ stavebnĂ bloky pro analogovĂ© zpracovánĂ signálĹŻ. V poslednĂ dekádÄ› bylo zavedeno mnoĹľstvĂ aktivnĂch stavebnĂch blokĹŻ pro analogovĂ© zpracovánĂ signálĹŻ. Stále však existuje potĹ™eba vĂ˝voje novĂ˝ch aktivnĂch součástek, kterĂ© by poskytovaly novĂ© moĹľnosti a lepšà parametry. V práci jsou diskutovány rĹŻznĂ© aspekty obvodĹŻ pracujĂcĂch v napěťovĂ©m, proudovĂ©m a smĂšnĂ©m mĂłdu. Práce reaguje na dnešnĂ potĹ™ebu nĂzkovĂ˝konovĂ˝ch a nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch aplikacĂ pro pĹ™enosnĂ© pĹ™Ăstroje a mobilnĂ komunikaÄŤnĂ systĂ©my a na problĂ©my jejich návrhu. PotĹ™eba tÄ›chto vĂ˝konnĂ˝ch nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch zaĹ™ĂzenĂ je vĂ˝zvou návrhářů k hledánĂ novĂ˝ch obvodovĂ˝ch topologiĂ a novĂ˝ch nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch technik. V práci je popsána Ĺ™ada aktivnĂch prvkĹŻ, jako napĹ™Ăklad operaÄŤnĂ transkonduktanÄŤnĂ zesilovaÄŤ (OTA), proudovĂ˝ konvejor II. generace (CCII) a CDTA (Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier). Dále jsou navrĹľeny novĂ© prvky, jako jsou VDTA (Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier) a VDVTA (Voltage Differencing Voltage Transconductance Amplifier). Všechny tyto prvky byly rovněž implementovány pomocĂ "bulk-driven" techniky CMOS s cĂlem realizace nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch aplikacĂ. Tato práce je rovněž zaměřena na náhrady klasickĂ˝ch induktorĹŻ syntetickĂ˝mi induktory v pasivnĂch LC pĹ™ĂÄŤkovĂ˝ch filtrech. Tyto náhrady pak mohou vĂ©st k syntĂ©ze aktivnĂch filtrĹŻ se zajĂmavĂ˝mi vlastnostmi.Frequency filters are linear electric circuits that are used in wide area of electronics. They are also the basic building blocks in analogue signal processing. In the last decade, a huge number of active building blocks for analogue signal processing was introduced. However, there is still the need to develop new active elements that offer new possibilities and better parameters. The current-, voltage-, or mixed-mode analog circuits and their various aspects are discussed in the thesis. This work reflects the trend of low-power (LP) low-voltage (LV) circuits for portable electronic and mobile communication systems and the problems of their design. The need for high-performance LV circuits encourages the analog designers to look for new circuit architectures and new LV techniques. This thesis presents various active elements such as Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), Current Conveyor of Second Generation (CCII), and Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA), and introduces novel ones, such as Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (VDTA) and Voltage Differencing Voltage Transconductance Amplifier (VDVTA). All the above active elements were also designed in CMOS bulk-driven technology for LP LV applications. This thesis is also focused on replacement of conventional inductors by synthetic ones in passive LC ladder filters. These replacements can lead to the synthesis of active filters with interesting parameters.
DESIGN OF LOW POWER LOW VOLTAGE BULK DRIVEN OPERATIONAL TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER (BD-OTA)
Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) is one of the most significant buildingblocks in integrated continuous-time filters. Here we design Low Power Low Voltage Bulk Driven OTA with a new concept of high-linearity OTA with controllable Transconductance is proposed. The OTA is simulated in a standard TSMC 0.18 mm CMOS process with a 0.6 V supply voltage